林发展;陈培煌;刘四德;关振长;
LIN Fa-zhan;CHEN Pei-huang;LIU Si-de;GUAN Zhen-chang;The 3rd Construction Co.,Ltd.,China Railway 22nd Corporation;College of Civil Engineering,Fuzhou University;

• 1:中铁二十二局集团第三工程有限公司
• 2:福州大学土木工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

针对钻爆法施工中常见的炮孔装药结构和围岩条件,建立相应的数值模型,对单孔爆破进行流固耦合的精细化数值模拟。以轴向不耦合系数K_L=1.64的炮孔为例,设其粉碎区和破裂区的形成时间约为100μs和500μs,半径分别为炮孔半径的3.9倍和35倍。当炮孔有效半径(近似粉碎区与破裂区交界处)上径向压力时程的峰值达到296 MPa时,沿着径向呈指数型衰减,其衰减系数α约为-0.87。进一步地,对其余4种不同轴向不耦合系数的炮孔,也展开类似的精细化数值模拟。认为有效半径R_(eq)上的径向压力峰值p_(eq)随不耦合系数K_L的增大呈指数型衰减,并提出了相应的半理论半经验公式。研究结果为进一步确定等效爆破荷载提供了重要依据。
Considering the common charging structure and rock mass condition in the drilling and blasting excavation,the refined numerical model is established and the fluid-solid coupling simulation is carried out.Taking the blast hole with axial decoupling coefficient of 1.64 as example,the developing duration for the crushing zone and fracture zone are 100μs and 500μs respectively and the radii are 3.8 times and 33.4 times of hole radius.Focusing on the radial pressure history at efficient radius(the boundary between crushing zone and fracture zone),the peak radial pressure reaches 296 MPa and then decays along radical direction with its decaying coefficient of -0.87.Furthermore,the other 4 kinds of blast hole with different axial decoupling coefficients are also studied by the similar numerical simulations.The peak radial pressure at the efficient radius will decrease exponentially with the radial decoupling coefficient and the theoretical-empirical formula is proposed.The research results provide some basis for the determination of _(eq)uivalent blasting load.

关键词(KeyWords)： 钻爆法施工;单孔爆破;精细化数值模拟;径向压力时程;轴向不耦合系数
drilling and blasting excavation;single-hole blasting;refined numerical simulation;radial pressure history;axial decoupling coefficient

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Authors): 林发展;陈培煌;刘四德;关振长;
LIN Fa-zhan;CHEN Pei-huang;LIU Si-de;GUAN Zhen-chang;The 3rd Construction Co.,Ltd.,China Railway 22nd Corporation;College of Civil Engineering,Fuzhou University;

参考文献(References)：

• [1]贾磊,解咏平,李慎奎.爆破振动对邻近隧道衬砌安全的数值模拟分析[J].振动与冲击,2015(11):173-177.JIA L,XIE Y P,LI S Q.Numerical simulation for impact of blasting vibration on nearby tunnel lining safety[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015(11):173-177.
• [2]刘冬,高文学,孙宝平,等.既有隧道扩建爆破振动数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2016(10):3 011-3 016.LIU D,GAO W X,SUN B P,et al.Numerical simulation of blasting vibration on existing tunnel extension[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016(10):3 011-3 016.
• [3]许红涛,卢文波,周小恒.爆破震动场动力有限元模拟中爆破荷载的等效施加方法[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2008,41(1):67-71.XU H T,LU W B,ZHOU X H.An equivalent approach for acting blasting load in dynamic finite element simulation of blasting vibration[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2008,41(1):67-71.
• [4]张玉成,杨光华,刘鹏,等爆破荷载在数值计算中的等效施加方法研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2012(1):56-64.ZHANG Y C,YANG G H,LIU P,et al.An equivalent approach for acting blasting load in dynamic[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2012(1):56-64.
• [5]钟冬望,高秀岩,吴亮,等上下交叉隧道掘进爆破对既有隧道的动力响应研究[J].武汉科技大学学报,2009,32(1):106-109.ZHONG D W,GAO X Y,WU L,et al.On the cross tunnel blasting on the existing tunnel dynamic response study[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2009,32(1):106-109.
• [6]张国华,陈礼彪,夏祥,等.大断面隧道爆破开挖围岩损伤范围试验研究及数值计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009(8):1 610-1 619.ZHANG G H,CHEN L B,XIA X,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental study of damage range of surrounding rock in large tunnel under blasting excavation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009(8):1 610-1 619.
• [7]夏祥,李海波,李俊如,等.岩体爆生裂纹的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2006(11):1 987-1 991.XIA X,LI H B,LI J R,et al.Numerical simulation of blast-induced cracks in rock[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006(11):1 987-1 991.
• [8]李洪涛,王志强,姚强,等.石英云母片岩动力学特性实验及爆破裂纹扩展研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015(10):2 125-2 141.LI H T,WANG Z Q,YAO Q,et al.Study of dynamic characteristics and blasting crack propagation of quartz mica schist[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015(10):2 125-2 141.
• [9]周俊汝,卢文波,张乐,等.爆破地震波传播过程的振动频率衰减规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014(11):2 171-2 178.ZHOU J R,LU W B,ZHANG L,et al.Attenuation of vibration frequency during propagation of blasting seismic wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014(11):2 171-2 178.
• [10]张凤鹏,彭建宇,张鑫,等.地应力对岩体爆破影响的数值模拟[J].金属矿山,2015(12):15-18.ZHANG F P,PENG J Y,ZHANG X,et al.Numerical simulation of the effect of in-situ stress on rock blasting[J].Metal Mine,2015(12):15-18.
• [11]刘优平,龚敏,黄刚海.深孔爆破装药结构优选数值分析方法及其应用[J].岩土力学,2012(6):1 883-1 888.LIU Y P,GONG M,HUANG G H.Numerical analysis method for optimizing charging structure of deep-hole blasting and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012(6):1 883-1 888.
• [12]林发展.上跨既有线的铁路隧道爆破施工振动测试与拟合分析[J].路基工程,2017(4):221-225.LIN F Z.Blast operation and vibration test for the railway tunnel over-crossing existing line[J].Subgrade Engineering,2017(4):221-225.
• [13]高金石,张继春.爆破破岩机理动力分析[J].金属矿山,1989(9):6-12.GAO J S,ZHANG J C.Dynamic analysis of blasting rock breaking mechanism[J].Metal Mine,1989(9):6-12.
• [14]戴俊.柱状装药爆破的岩石压碎圈与裂隙圈计算[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2001,20(2):144-147.DAI J.Calculation of rock crushing ring and fracture circle in cylindrical charge blasting[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2001,20(2):144-147.