李志敏;汪旭光;汪泉;刘文震;
LI Zhi-min;WANG Xu-guang;WANG Quan;LIU Wen-zhen;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology;School of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics, Anhui University of Science and Technology;Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy;School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology;

• 1:安徽理工大学土木建筑学院
• 2:安徽理工大学力学与光电物理学院
• 3:北京矿冶研究总院
• 4:安徽理工大学化学工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

为了研究缓冲材料EPS对水下爆炸能量的衰减作用，在爆炸水池内起爆有EPS包裹的雷管，采用压力传感器测量水下固定爆心距点爆炸冲击波，采用振动传感器测量实验水池近地面固定点振动。结果表明：EPS缓冲柱体半径按梯度增大，压力测点冲击波超压、比冲击波能以及振动测点竖直方向振动速度都衰减显著；在缓冲柱体半径R≥80 mm时，水下爆炸脉动波弱化或消失；增加EPS缓冲材料的密度，可有效衰减压力测点爆炸能量，但对振动测点速度衰减影响较小；压力测点爆心距增加，测得爆炸能量减小，但能量衰减率不一定因有EPS材料缓冲而提升。导出式(1)可根据实际防设点的爆心距和药包半径来近似设计水下爆炸EPS缓冲材料厚度和密度。
In order to study the attenuation effect of buffer material EPS on the energy of underwater explosion, the detonator wrapped with EPS was detonated in the explosion pool. The pressure sensor was used to measure the underwater explosion shock wave at the fixed distance from the explosion center, and the vibration sensor was used to measure the vibration of the fixed point near the ground in the experimental pool. The results show that with the increase of the radius of EPS buffer cylinder in gradient, the overpressure of shock wave, the specific shock wave energy and the vertical vibration velocity of the vibration measuring point decrease significantly; At the buffer radius of the cylinder, the underwater explosion pulsation wave weakens or disappears; Increasing the density of EPS buffer material can effectively attenuate the explosion energy of the pressure measuring point, but it has little effect on the velocity attenuation of the vibration measuring point; With the increase of the distance between the detonation center of the pressure measuring point, the measured explosive energy decreases, but the energy decay rate does not necessarily increase with the buffer of EPS material. The derived formula(1) can be used to approximately design the thickness and density of EPS buffer material for underwater explosion according to the distance between the explosion centers and the radius of explosive package.

关键词(KeyWords)： 水下爆炸;能量衰减;EPS材料;冲击波超压;地面振动
underwater explosion;energy attenuation;EPS material;shock wave overpressure;ground vibration

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金面上基金资助项目(11872002)

作者(Authors): 李志敏;汪旭光;汪泉;刘文震;
LI Zhi-min;WANG Xu-guang;WANG Quan;LIU Wen-zhen;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology;School of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics, Anhui University of Science and Technology;Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy;School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology;

DOI: 10.19931/j.EB.20210213

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 倪小军，沈兆武，杨昌德.泡沫铝壳对水下爆炸冲击波衰减的影响[J].含能材料，2011,19(3):315-320.NI X J,SHEN Z W,YANG C D.Influence of aluminum foams shell on shock attenuation underwater explosions[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2011,19(3):315-320.
• [2] 贾虎，沈兆武.空气隔层对水中冲击波的衰减特性[J].爆炸与冲击，2012,32(1):61-66.JIA H,SHEN Z W.An investigation into attenuation of under shockwave by air interlayer[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2012,32(1):61-66.
• [3] 贾虎，郑伟华，罗强，等.爆炸气泡幕对水中冲击波能量的衰减特性[J].含能材料，2012,23(10):1 015-1 019.JIA H,ZHENG W H,LUO Q,et al.Attenuation characteristics of underwater explosion bubble curtain on the shock[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2012,23(10):1 015-1 019.
• [4] 袁英杰，孙惠香，陈卓.爆炸荷载下泡沫混凝土减振层动力响应分析[J].工程爆破，2021,27(4):51-57.YUAN Y J,SUN H X,CHEN Z.Analysis of dynamic response of foam concrete damping layer under explosive load[J].Engineering Blasting,2021,27(4):51-57.
• [5] 汪泉，汤有富，李志敏，等.有机玻璃-空气层结构对爆炸水池水下爆炸地基振动的影响[J].高压物理学报，2018,32(2):024201.WANG Q,TANG Y F,LI Z M,et al.Influence of plexiglass-air interlayer structure on foundation vibration of small pool underwater explosion[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2018,32(2):024201.
• [6] 汪玉，张玮，华宏星，等.泡沫芯层夹层结构水下爆炸冲击特性研究[J].振动与冲击，2010,29(4):64-68,100.WANG Y,ZHANG W,HUA H X,et al.Impact characteristics of foam core sandwich structure under underwater explosion[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(4):64-68,100.
• [7] 万松林，殷彩玉，焦素娟.塑性泡沫抗冲覆盖层深水爆炸响应分析[J].噪声与振动控制，2015,35(6):115-118.WAN S L,YIN C Y,JIAO S J.Transient response of plastic foam cladding to deep water explosion[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2015,35(6):115-118.
• [8] 艾冬杰.水下接触及非接触近场爆炸载荷下泡沫铝夹芯板结构失效机理与吸能特性研究[D].武汉：华中科技大学，2017.AI D J.Research on failure mechanism and energy absorption characteristics of sandwich panels with aluminum foam core under contact and non-contact near-field water blast loading[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2017.
• [9] 金泽宇.抗冲覆盖层水下爆炸计算方法研究[D].上海：上海交通大学，2017.JIN Z Y.Computational method study on shock mitigation coatings subjected to underwater explosion[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2017.
• [10] 崔广心.相似理论与模型试验[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社，1990:35-38.CUI G X.The similarity theory and model test[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1990:35-38.
• [11] 国家安全生产监督管理总局.爆破安全规程：GB 6722-2014[S].北京：中国标准出版社，2015.State Administration of Work Safety.Safety regulations for blasting:GB 6722-2014[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2015.