大型连体筒仓拆除爆破技术BLASTING TECHNOLOGY FOR DEMOLITION OF LARGE INTERCONNECTED SILOS
杨年华,张志毅,张嘉林
YANG Nian-hua,ZHANG Zhi-yi,ZHANG Jia-lin (China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)
摘要(Abstract)：
3 2个钢筋混凝土筒仓相互连接 ,结构稳定 ,因高宽比较小 ,难以整体向同一方向倾倒。通过预处理将其分割成 4组独立的结构体 ,并使每组顺序延时起爆 ,实现了连体筒仓定向倒塌。实践证明 :要使多排筒体向同一方向倾倒 ,前排筒体的爆破切口应向上张开 ,后排爆破切口在支点抬高后应向下张开 ,同时前、后排起爆时差设为 2s、连接柱爆破的炸药单耗取 2kg/m3是合适的。此外 ,采用分组延时爆破、铺设减震垫层和开挖减震沟 ,显著降低了大型连体筒仓的触地震动
The 32 interconnected reinforced concrete silos are stable in structure,and difficult to topple over to same direction because of having a small ratio of height to width.Through some pretreatment measures such as dividing them into 4 separated structures and priming them in sequence,directional collapsing of these silos is realized.It is proved in practice that the opening of front blasting cut should be upward and the opening of rear blasting cut downward with lifted fulcrum so as to make nulti-row silos collapsing to same direction.Yet,it is shown in practice that it is proper to take 2 seconds as the interval time between blasts of front and the rear cuts and 2kg/m 3 as the powder factor for blasting of joining pillars.In addition,the ground vibration resulted from the collapsing of the interconnected silos can be reduced remarkably by using the delay blasting,laying a vibration-damped pad and excavating a vibration-separated ditch.
关键词(KeyWords)：
连体筒仓;拆除爆破;定向倾倒;触地震动
Interconnected silos;Demolition blasting;Directional collapsing;Touchdown vibration
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author):
杨年华,张志毅,张嘉林
YANG Nian-hua,ZHANG Zhi-yi,ZHANG Jia-lin (China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)