卢子冬,张世平
LU Zi-dong,ZHANG Shi-ping

• 1:山西同德爆破工程有限责任公司
• 2:太原理工大学矿业工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

针对烟囱折叠爆破拆除的两个最重要的因素,上部切口高程和上、下切口起爆时差优化配置才能保障工程安全、可控的情况。利用Ansys/LS-dyna非线性有限元软件首先模拟了50m高烟囱在上部切口20m高程时,0.1、1.0、2.0s的起爆时差对烟囱倒塌过程和倒塌后爆堆范围的影响;然后模拟上部切口10、15、20m高程的烟囱双向折叠爆破,在0.1、1.0、2.0s起爆时差方案下,得到不同切口高程的爆堆范围,最后比较了4种高程的爆破效果及爆堆范围。上部切口位于15m处时,烟囱倒塌过程更为合理,爆堆范围也比较接近参考范围。通过模拟和分析表明,对于50m高烟囱体双向折叠爆破拆除,上部切口高程和上、下切口起爆时差是决定爆破效果好坏的两个关键控制点,上切口高程为20m处时,随着起爆时差的增大,爆堆范围也增大。上部切口位置的选取使上部筒体质量占烟囱总质量的59.4%左右时,更有利于保障工程的安全性和倒塌过程、爆堆范围的可控性。
In view of the two most important factors in the collapse of the chimney,the upper notch elevation and the optimal setting of the upper and lower notch initiation times could ensure the safety and control of the project.The initiation time difference influence of 0.1,1.0,2.0son the chimney collapse process and the blasting muckpile was simulated by using the Ansys/LS-dyna nonlinear finite element software at the upper notch 20 mheight of the 50 mheight chimney,and the upper notch 10,15,20 mheight of the chimney bidirectional folding blasting,0.1,1.0,2.0sinitiation time difference program,and blasting muckpile of different notch elevation was got,finally,the blasting effect and the explosion range of the four kinds of elevation were compared,when the upper notch was located at 15 m,the chimney collapse process was more reasonable and the blasting muckpile also close to the reference range.It was shown that for the 50 mhigh chimney bidirectional folding blasting,the upper notch elevation and the initiation time difference were the two key control points that determine the blasting effect.When the incision elevation was 20 m,the time difference increased and the blasting muckpile was also increased.The selection of the upper notch position made the upper quality for about 59.4% of the total quality of the chimney,which was more conducive to the safety and collapse of the project and the controllability of the blasting muckpile.

关键词(KeyWords)： 烟囱;切口高度;起爆时差;数值模拟
chimney;notch height;initiation time difference;numerical simulation

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 卢子冬,张世平
LU Zi-dong,ZHANG Shi-ping

参考文献(References)：

• [1]汪旭光,郑炳旭,张正忠,等.爆破手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2010:683-725.WANG X G,ZHENG B X,ZHANG Z Z,et al.Blasting Manual[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2010:683-725.
• [2]梁开水,刘楚乔,张爱平,等.烟囱折叠倒塌的数值模拟研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2008,30(4):62-64.LIANG K S,LIU C Q,ZHANG A P,et al.Numerical simulation of foldaway toppling of chimney blasting demol ish[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2008,30(4):62-64.
• [3]郑炳旭,傅建秋,王永庆.150m高钢筋混凝土烟囱双向折叠爆破拆除[J].工程爆破,2004,10(3):34-36.ZHENG B X,FU J Q,WANG Y Q,et al.Demolition of a reinforced concrete chimney with aheight of 150 m by bidirectional folding blasting[J].Engineering Blasting,2004,10(3):34-36.
• [4]张世平.烟囱单向折叠爆破拆除[J].西部探矿工程,2000,11(2):105-106.ZHANG S P.Directional folded blasting demolition of chimney[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2000,11(2):105-106.
• [5]张世平,白云龙.砖烟囱单向折叠爆破拆除[J].爆破,2006,23(4):56-57.ZHANG S P,BAI Y L.Directional folded blasting demolition of brick chimney[J].Blasting,2006,23(4):56-57.
• [6]罗启军.60m高砖煤矿爆破烟囱折叠爆破拆除[J].爆破,2001,18(1):36-38.LUO Q J.Explosive folding demolition of a 60 mhigh chimney[J].Blasting,2001,18(1):36-38.
• [7]谢先启,贾永胜,罗启军,等.双向折叠爆破拆除100 m钢筋砼烟囱[J].爆破,2004,21(3):49-55.XIE X Q,JIA Y S,LUO Q J,et al.Demolition of 100m-high reinforced concrete chimney by bidirectional folding blasting[J].Blasting,2004,21(3):49-55.
• [8]李世明,汪旭光,于亚伦.砖烟囱折叠爆破拆除的研究[J].工程爆破,2009,15(2):11-13.LI S M,WANG X G,YU Y L.Discussion on folded blasting demolition of bricked chimney[J].Engineering Blasting,2009,15(2):11-13.
• [9]赵根,张文煊,李永池,等.钢筋混凝土烟囱定向爆破参数与效果的DDA模拟[J].工程爆破,2006,12(3):19-21.ZHAO G,ZHANG W X,LI Y C,et al.DDA numerical simulation of directional blasting parameters and effect in demolition of reinforced concrete chimney[J].Engineering Blasting,2006,12(3):19-21.
• [10]言志信,叶振辉,刘培林.烟囱定向爆破拆除倒塌过程[J].爆炸与冲击,2010,30(6):607-613.YAN Z X,YE Z H,LIU P L.Collapsing process of chimney demolition by directional blasting[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(6):607-613.
• [11]夏军,傅光明,周明安,等.烟囱爆破切口数值模拟研究[J].采矿技术,2009,9(5):63-65.XIA J,FU G M,ZHOU M A,et al.Chimney blasting cut numerical simulation research[J].Mining Technology,2009,9(5):63-65.
• [12]何煌,魏万鑫,毛益松,等.烟囱爆破方案的数值模拟[J].采矿技术,2009,9(5):66-67.HE H,WEI W X,MAO Y S,et al.Numerical simulation of chimney blasting scheme[J].Mining Technology,2009,9(5):66-67.
• [13]孙金山,卢文波,谢先启,等.钢筋混凝土烟囱拆除爆破双向折叠定向倾倒方案关键技术探讨[J].爆破,2004,21(2):6-9.SUN J S,LU W B,XIE X Q,et al.Discussion on key technology of bidirectional folded blasting demolition of reinforced concrete chimney[J].Blasting,2004,21(2):6-9.
• [14]尚晓江,苏建宇,王化锋,等.Ansys/Ls-dyna动力分析方法与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008.SHANG X J,SU J Y,WANG H F,et al.Ansys/Lsdyna dynamic procedure and engineering projects[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2008.