梁向前;胡晶;马宏昊;
LIANG Xiang-qian;HU Jing;MA Hong-hao;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research;School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University;University of Science & Technology of China;

• 1:中国水利水电科学研究院
• 2:北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院
• 3:中国科学技术大学

摘要(Abstract)：

雷管等爆炸元件的爆炸能量分布通常并不均匀,在离心机中研究爆炸问题对爆源的尺寸和爆炸能量分布要求较高,爆炸能量不均匀对试验结果存在影响,不符合爆炸力学中的点源假定。采用黑索金炸药制作球形炸药,探讨了细径导爆索及无起爆药雷管作为起爆方式的适用性。最终确定微型导爆雷管中心起爆球形炸药的方式,并研究了其水下爆炸冲击波特性,峰值压力与比例距离近似成线性关系,冲击波压力波形可以较好地采用冲击波压力公式拟合。
Explosion energy distributions of detonator and explosives elements were not uniform.The requirements of the explosive source size and explosive energy distribution was high when studying explosion in centrifuge.The nonuniform energy distribution would affect the experiment results and was inconsistent with the point source assumption in explosion mechanics.RDX was used to make spherical explosive.The applicability of thin diameter detonating fuse and non-primary explosive detonator were used to initiate detonation.The mini detonating explosive was finally adopted to centrally initiate the spherical explosive,and the underwater explosion shock wave characteristics of the spherical explosive was studied.The peak pressure has approximately linear relation with the proportional distance,and the shock wave pressure waveform could be well fitted by the formula of shock wave pressure.

关键词(KeyWords)： 点源;黑索金;微型导爆雷管;水下爆炸;冲击波压力
Point source;RDX;Mini detonating explosive;Underwater explosion;Shock wave pressure

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金重点项目(51339006)

作者(Authors): 梁向前;胡晶;马宏昊;
LIANG Xiang-qian;HU Jing;MA Hong-hao;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research;School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University;University of Science & Technology of China;

参考文献(References)：

• [1]HOLSAPPLE K A,SCHMIDT R M.On the scaling of crater dimensions:explosive processes[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth(1978~2012),1980,85(B12):7247-7256.
• [2]HOLSAPPLE K A,SCHMIDT R M.Point source solutions and coupling parameters in cratering mechanics[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth(1978~2012),1987,92(B7):6350-6376.
• [3]HOUSEN K R,SCHMIDT R M,HOLSAPPLE K A.Crater ejecta scaling laws:fundamental forms based on dimensional analysis[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth(1978~2012),1983,88(B3):2485-2499.
• [4]PIEKUTOWSKI A J.Formation of bowl-shaped craters[C]/Lunar and Planetary Science Conference Proceedings,1980(11):2129-2144.
• [5]库尔.水下爆炸[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1960.COLE.Underwater explosion[M].Beijing:National Defend Industry Press,1960.
• [6]SCHMIDT R M,HOUSEN K R.Some recent advances in the scaling of impact and explosion cratering[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,1987,5(1):543-560.
• [7]SCHMIDT R M,HOLSAPPLE K A.Theory and experiments on centrifuge cratering[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth(1978~2012),1980,85(B1):235-252.
• [8]SNAY H G.The scaling of underwater explosion phenomena[R].DTIC Document,1962.
• [9]马立秋,张建民.黏性土爆炸成坑和地冲击传播的离心模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011(S1):3172-3178.MA Li-qiu,ZHANG Jian-min.Centrifugal model testing study of explosion-induced craters and propagation of ground shock in clay[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011(S1):3172-3178.
• [10]范一锴,陈祖煜,梁向前,等.砂中爆炸成坑的离心模型试验分析方法比较[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011(S2):4123-4128.FAN Yi-kai,CHEN Zhu-yu,LIANG Xiang-qian,et al.Comparison of three methods for geotechnical centrifuge model tests of explosion cratering in sand[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011(S2):4123-4128.
• [11]张雪东,侯瑜京,梁向前,等.水下爆破对大坝影响的离心模拟试验研究[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(S1):234-236.ZHANG Xue-dong,HOU Yu-jing,LIANG Xiangqian,et al.Centrifuge modeling research on the influence of underwater blasting on a dam[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(S1):234-236.
• [12]王占江.岩土中填实与空腔解耦爆炸的化爆模拟实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):1091.WANG Zhan-jiang.Experimental investigation on tamped and cavity decouped explosion in rock-soil by mili-explosive charge[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):1091.
• [13]赵生伟,张颖,王占江,等.小当量水中爆炸冲击波实验及数值模拟[J].实验力学,2009,24(3):259-263.ZHAO Shen-wei,ZHANG Yin,WANG Zhan-jiang,et al.Experiment and numerical simulation investigation of small scale underwater explosions[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2009,24(3):259-263.
• [14]赵生伟,周刚,王占江,等.小当量水中爆炸气泡的脉动现象[J].爆炸与冲击,2009,29(2):213-216.ZHAO Shen-wei,ZHOU Gang,WANG Zhan-jiang,et al.Bubble pulses of small-scale underwater explosion[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2009,29(2):213-216.
• [15]马坤,初哲,王可慧,等.小当量炸药深水爆炸气泡脉动模拟实验[J].爆炸与冲击,2015,35(3):320-325.MA Kun,CHU Zhe,WANG Ke-hui,et al.Experimental research on bubble pulse of small scale charge exploded under simulated deep water[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2015,35(3):320-325.