陈晶晶;张兵兵;韩振;
CHEN Jing-jing;ZHANG Bing-bing;HAN Zhen;Hongda Blasting Co.,Ltd.;

• 1:宏大爆破有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

为了消除金属矿山地采遗留下来的采空区对矿山安全生产的影响,以大宝山650采空区为工程背景,利用空区内部存在较大范围的空洞这一特性,采用三维激光扫描技术探测650采空区的形态、范围,确定相关参数,为后期采空区处理工作提供参考依据。通过经验公式计算出最小保安层厚度为13 m,说明该采空区顶板能够保持暂时稳定,满足在顶板上钻孔施工的条件,因此决定采取强制爆破法治理。在该采空区顶板对应地表685 m台阶上,垂直钻孔23个,孔深19.2²9.8 m之间,填塞长度4 m;采用间隔装药方式,底部装高威力炸药,上部装低威力炸药,实施逐孔起爆网路一次爆破,取得了较好的爆破效果。采空区的充填程度高达90%;飞石现象较少,爆堆稳定性状况良好,很大程度上消除了采空区潜在的威胁。
In order to eliminate the influence of goaf left over from metal mine on mine safety production, taking Dabaoshan650 goaf as engineering background, consideringing the characteristics of large-scale voids in the goaf, the shape and scope of 650 goaf were detected by 3 D laser scanning technology, and the relevant parameters were determined, which provided reference basis for later goaf processing working. Through empirical formula, the minimum thickness of the safety layer was calculated to be 13 m, which showed that the roof of goaf could maintain temporary stability and meet the conditions of drilling on the roof. Therefore, forced blasting method was adopted. On the 685 m steps corresponding to the surface of the goaf roof, 23 vertical drilling holes with a depth of 19.2-29.8 m and filling length of 4 m were carried out. Interval charge was adopted, and high-power explosives were loaded at the bottom and low-power explosives were loaded at the top.Finally, a single blasting with hole-by-hole initiation network was carried out, and good blasting results were obtained. The filling degree of goaf was as high as 90%. Fewer flying rocks and good stability of blasting heap have eliminated the potential threat of goaf to a large extent.

关键词(KeyWords)： 采空区;三维激光扫描;稳定性分析;强制爆破法
goaf;3D laser scanning;stability analysis;forced blasting

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Authors): 陈晶晶;张兵兵;韩振;
CHEN Jing-jing;ZHANG Bing-bing;HAN Zhen;Hongda Blasting Co.,Ltd.;

参考文献(References)：

• [1]崔晓荣,林谋金,张卫民,等.露天多金属矿山地下采空区综合探测分析[J].金属矿山,2015(1):128-132.CUI X R,LIN M J,ZHANG W M,et al.Comprehensive survey and analysis of underground goafs in open-pit polymetallic mine[J].Metal Mine,2015(1):128-132.
• [2]崔晓荣,陆华,叶图强,等.三维空区自动扫描系统在露天矿山中的应用[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2012,64(3):7-10.CUI X R, LU H, YE T Q, et al. Application of 3Dauto-scanning laser system in mined-out areas detection in open-pit mine[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Mining section),2012,64(3):7-10.
• [3]崔晓荣,叶图强,陈晶晶.采空区采矿施工安全的组织与管理[J].金属矿山,2011(11):150-154.CUI X R, YE T Q,CHEN J J. Management of safe ore-exploitation in region with underground mined-out area[J].Metal Mine,2011(11):150-154.
• [4]段力士,蔡光琪,韩进.小窑采空区对东露天矿安全生产的影响及危险性分析[J].露天采矿技术,2014(11):88-90.DUAN L S,CAI G Q,HAN J. Analysis on effect and risk of Xiaoyao goaf on safety production of east open-pit mine[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2014(11):88-90.
• [5]宋子岭,杨星辰,范军富,等.露天矿采空区爆破合理孔底填塞长度与起爆位置确定[J].安全与环境学报,2017,17(5):1 828-1 832.SONG Z L, YANG X C, FAN J F, et al.Determination of the rational stemming length under the blast-hole and the detonating points of the openpit mining blasts over the goaf[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2017,17(5):1 828-1 832.
• [6]邓骐宁,唐绍辉,潘懿,等.露天开采不同形态采空区处理技术研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2016,36(2):28-31.DENG Q N,TANG S H,PAN Y, et al. Technical research on treatment of goaf with different shapes in open-pit mining[J]. Mining Research and Development,2016,36(2):28-31.
• [7]赵俊,吕建洲,何峰,等.平朔东露天矿采空区跨度与顶板安全岩层厚度分析[J].露天采矿技术,2015(12):43-46.ZHAO J, LYU J Z, HE F, et al. Analysis of goaf span and roof safety stratum thickness in Pingshuo east open-pit mine[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2015(12):43-46.
• [8]臧龙,贾传鹏,张士磊.露天深孔爆破崩落法处理地下采空区实践[J].现代矿业,2014,30(4):10-14.ZANG L,JIA C P, ZHANG S L. Application on the open-air deep hole blasting caving method in the underground mined-out area[J]. Modern Mining, 2014,30(4):10-14.
• [9]贾宝珊.露天开采中深孔爆破与地下采空区处理一体化实践[J].金属矿山,2013(2):47-49,52.JIA B S.The integrated practice of medium-depth hole blasting in open-pit mining and the treatment of underground goaf[J].Metal Mine,2013(2):47-49,52.
• [10]崔晓荣,林谋金,郑炳旭,等.矿山采空区崩落爆破评估验收方法[J].金属矿山,2015(9):11-15.CUI X R,LIN M J,ZHENG B X,et al.Inspection and assessment of caving and blasting effect in underground goafs[J].Metal Mine,2015(9):11-15.